Unity and Diversity - 1694 Words

Kevin Osman M. Ward Writing 140/ IR 100 December 7, 2007 Unity and Diversity: Finding the Proper Balance Unity and diversity are both qualities to be desired within society. Both, when balanced with one another, provide for the strongest form of society in which all are unified under some ideas, but differences are tolerated and accepted. One of the strongest factors of determining the present status of unity and diversity is the current state of affairs within a community. The current state of affairs can be altered by a number of issues, some planned and recurring, such as elections years, and some unexpected altogether, such as natural disasters. Within the global community, the current state of a variety of affairs†¦show more content†¦Previous to the beginning of the war in Iraq the American political parties, though not working together in perfect harmony or unison, had achieved some measure of cooperation and unity under the idea of patriotism. However, the execution of the war in Iraq has ripped apart any ties between the parties, as now Democrats and Republicans consistently bicker over the context and continued growth of the war efforts. As many Democrats call for complete withdrawal from the war-torn state and label the operation a disaster, a strong amount of Republicans still maintain the validity of the war and the need for the United States to remain in Iraq and complete the task that was started. This diversity amongst the politicians of America is not conducive to achieving successful results. A more united, unified opinion amongst politicians in America would provide a much better setting for either continued efforts in Iraq or the stopping of the war altogether. In this case, a better balance between diversity and unity must be achieved if any form of tangible progress is to be made. The previous examples have focused on examples with an excess of diversity and the need for more unity in order to fix the problem, however this is not always the case within society. There h ave been times at which too much unity of opinion exists and society blindly unifies for a causeShow MoreRelatedUnity in Diversity4053 Words   |  17 PagesUnity and Diversity: Finding the Proper Balance          Unity and diversity are both qualities to be desired within society. Both, when balanced with one another, provide for the strongest form of society in which all are unified under some ideas, but differences are tolerated and accepted. One of the strongest factors of determining the present status of unity and diversity is the current state of affairs within a community. The current state of affairs can be altered by a number of issues, some plannedRead MoreUnity in Diversity Skit1003 Words   |  5 Pagesfor technology industries but also because of it’s variety of people, numerous languages, multiple customs and traditions; different races with different faces and marvelous landscapes. These always project India among other countries like â€Å"unity in diversity†. Most of us never know about northern states and North Indians like vise- versa but yet we join hands to support any sensational news created by media like Anna Hazare’s corruption mov ement. We never know how many languages are exiting in ourRead MoreUnity in Diversity Skit1003 Words   |  5 Pagesfor technology industries but also because of it’s variety of people, numerous languages, multiple customs and traditions; different races with different faces and marvelous landscapes. These always project India among other countries like â€Å"unity in diversity†. Most of us never know about northern states and North Indians like vise- versa but yet we join hands to support any sensational news created by media like Anna Hazare’s corruption movement. We never know how many languages are exiting in ourRead MoreUnity : The Message And Diversity Is The Messenger1111 Words   |  5 Pages10/25/2015 Unity is the message and diversity is the messenger. The statement strongly clarifies the importance of diversity in order to change the world. Diversity means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. It signifies the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies which clearly signifiesUnity in Diversity. Introduction:Read MoreEssay on Unity Amid Diversity1691 Words   |  7 PagesUnity Amid Diversity The 1950’s and 1960’s was a dawning of a new age. Many changes were occurring within America’s society. Segregation was prominent with the passing of Plessy vs. Ferguson, however, the Jim Crow laws of the south were being challenged. Negroes in the south wanted equality and justice. The nation was in need of an ethic of caring and a solid identity of what it meant to be an â€Å"American.† With the war in Vietnam and the war for equality, people were fed up with all of theRead MoreUnity And Diversity Of Islamic Civilization. Set In The1508 Words   |  7 PagesUnity and Diversity of Islamic Civilization Set in the Fourteenth century in different regions of Africa and Asia, The Adventures of Ibn Battuta presents a precise representation of Ibn Battuta’s rihla , exemplifying a clear distinction between the different countries and regions he visited. Ibn Battuta began his journey by setting off from his home Tangier, Morocco to Mecca. â€Å"I braced my resolution to quit all my dear ones, female and male, and forsook my home as birds forsake their nests† (DunnRead MoreEvolution Drives The Diversity And Unity Of Life1674 Words   |  7 Pages Big Idea 1- The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life Natural selection is evolutions driving mechanism. Evolution is â€Å"the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from early forms during the history of the earth.† Darwin s theory states that inheritable variations exist within individuals in a population. This big idea has impacted human life and evolution in many ways. With natural selection as its major mechanismRead MoreIs cultural diversity proving to be compatible with social unity1840 Words   |  8 PagesIs cultural diversity proving to be compatible with social unity? Britain has changed quite significantly over the past few decades in terms of cultural diversity. Whereas Britain was largely white not so long ago, the number of ethnic minorities has been steadily increasing and this growth does not look likely to stop anytime soon. Demographic experts have, infact, predicted that by 2050, 1 in every 5 British person will belong to an ethnic minority. The question issue I will be discussing in theRead MoreGlobalization : The World And Created Unity Out Of Great Diversity Essay1542 Words   |  7 PagesFor centuries, globalization has increasingly knitted 　　together the world and created unity out of great diversity. Coca Cola, Disney and McDonald’s symbolize the process, along with Sony, Shell Oil and IBM. They are products known and consumed from Ulan Bator to Little Rock - and also powerful companies that drive globalization forward, creating new laws, new business practices, new ways to eat and drink, new hopes and dreams. Optimists look forward to a global village, linked together by the InternetRead MoreRELIGIOUS PLACES IN SURAT India is a country which believes in the principle of unity in diversity.600 Words   |  3 Pages RELIGIOUS PLACES IN SURAT India is a country which believes in the principle of unity in diversity. India houses many religions, cultures, traditions and customs. Some of the religions practiced in India are Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism. Surat is the second largest city in the State of Gujarat which houses many of the sacred religious places. Some of the religious places at Surat are listed below: 1. Agam Mandir 2. Ambika Niketan Temple 3. Ambaji Temple 4. Khwaja

Methods Of Software Development Project Management

There are several methods of software development, out of these most practically used are agile methodology and the plan driven approach this is a summary of both the approach and their comparison and compatibly with the user requirement for the better results and hybrid technique which resulted in combination of agile methodology and plan driven method with a comprehensive spectrum of tools and options Agile development is a methodology, it’s not a tool, it’s not the exact way of communicating, it’s a whole methodology, it’s also a type of project management, but it’s really a way of working as a team, there are several ways of executing the agile methodology agile is a way of executing the software†¦show more content†¦It’s very collaborative process, for a team following the agile methodology for developing an application, everybody should be collaborating with each other at every stage of developing the application, these are the key points about agile methodology, with the agile methodology the changes can be made without getting the entire program rewritten, this approach not only reduced over heads it also helps in upgrading of programs, the other advantage of agile methodology it ensures that bugs are caught and eliminated in the development of each cycle and the project is tested every tim e. There are different types of agile methodologies they are XP (extreme process), Scrum, Lean software development, AUP (agile unified process), FDD (feature driven development) all these agile methodologies are customer driven and are light weight approaches, they are collocated and collaborative for developers, in the view of customers this method is dedicated, knowledgeable ,collocated, representative and empowered. Rapid changes in the requirement and need for new requirements, architecture is designed for only current requirements and architecture may change accordingly with the change in requirements. Refactoring is inexpensive, so n number of changes can be made as it doesn’t affect the budget, this process is best suited for smaller teams and products, and primary objective of

Acc491 Wk 4 Dq Questions Free Essays

*What are some of the different types of sampling methods that are available to the auditor? * How does the auditor decide which method to use? How will the different methods affect the audit? The types of auditing samples are broken down into two different categories: statistical and non-statistical sampling. The purpose of auditing samples are designed to give the auditor the results he or she seeks, without having to completely audit 100% of the items within the audit population. Here are some of the different types of auditing samples broken out into the two categories: Statistical Sampling Methods: Random Sampling – Is an auditing method that basically means that all sampling units in the auditing population will have an equal chance of being selected for evaluation, or that no bias would have played a role in what was selected. We will write a custom essay sample on Acc491 Wk 4 Dq Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is also important the samples that have been selected are not able to re-sampled again. Systematic Sampling – Involves selecting sampling units using fixed intervals between selections, the first interval having a random start. This method is often referred to as interval sampling. This is because this method is where the auditor will take the number of sampling units in a population and divides this into the sample size to give a sampling interval. For example, if an auditor is auditing sales invoice where the sampling interval is 20, the auditor will determine a starting point for sampling and sample every 20th sales invoice thereafter. Non-Statistical Sampling Methods: {text:list-item} {text:list-item} What is the importance of defining the population when performing audit procedures? How will this affect the sample size? How will incorrectly defining the population affect the sampling unit? The auditing population is the whole set of data for auditors to test in order to reach their final auditing conclusion. Auditors need to determine a population in which to examine samples from for specific auditing objectives he or she wishes to complete. For example, if an auditors’ goal was to test for overstatements of debtors, the auditing population could entail listing of debtors. However, if the auditor was to testing for overstatements of creditors, then the population would not be only be a listing of creditors, but, also require the auditor to look for subsequent disbursements, unpaid invoices, suppliers’ statements, unmatched receiving reports, or other auditable populations that would provide evidence of potential understatements to creditors. When the auditor is designing the auditing samples, the auditor should consider the specific audit objectives he or she wishes to fulfill, the nature of the auditing population for which they wish to sample, as well as any other factors affecting the auditing samples size. The determination of an auditing samples size should require judgment of: Assurance required Tolerable and Expected Error (or Deviation Rate) Stratification Erroneously defining the auditing population can have an incredible affect on sample size as the auditor then has to choose a sample for conducting the audit. Auditors should select sample size in a way that the auditing sample can be anticipated to be a fair representative of the overall auditing population in respect of the uniqueness that is tested. If an auditing population has not been defined then the chance for errors increases the indistinctness of the results taken from the auditing sampling. Furthermore, if an auditing population itself has incorrectly been defined, the sampling unit will not give the anticipated results. These errors can formulate an incorrect conclusion by the auditor, there by defeating the initial purpose of the audit. How to cite Acc491 Wk 4 Dq Questions, Papers

Sygate Essay Research Paper SYGATE 311 BUILD free essay sample

Sygate Essay, Research Paper SYGATE 3.11 BUILD 556 README Thank you for seeking SyGate 3.11. This papers contains of import information that you may happen utile for put ining and utilizing SyGate 3.11. For extra instructions on installation and utilizing SyGate 3.11, please see the SyGate 3.11 online users guide # 8211 ; you can rapidly acquire to it from the aid bill of fare within the SyGate Manager application. ( Note: a cutoff to the online users guide is indicated by a inquiry grade icon from the SyGate Manager application. ) Contentss: System REQUIREMENTS UPGRADING PREVIOUS VERSIONS INSTALLATION AND USE TROUBLESHOOTING FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS CHANGES SINCE THE SYGATE 3.0 VERSION KNOWN ISSUES WITH THIS RELEASE HOW TO REGISTER CONTACT INFORMATION System REQUIREMENTS Intel 486, Pentium or tantamount Personal computer. Win95 ( Rev B or higher ) , Win98, WinNT 4.0 ( SP3 or higher ) , or Win2000. 10 MB or more free disc infinite 32 MB or more available memory. Microsoft TCP/IP protocol installed. Ethernet web interface card. Digital subscriber line, DirecPC, Cable Modem, ISDN, or Analog Modem ( for SyGate waiter ) . Angstrom working Internet history with an Internet service supplier. Cable or DSL modem service or an parallel modem service with Microsoft dial-up networking 1.2 or higher or America Online 4.0 or higher. Note: Cable and DSL modems require an extra Ethernet arranger on the SyGate waiter computing machine. UPGRADING PREVIOUS VERSIONS If you are upgrading SyGate from SyGate 2.0 or SyGate 3.0 package, you will necessitate to halt the SyGate service utilizing the SyGate Manager plan, exit the SyGate Manager plan wholly, so uninstall SyGate wholly from your system utilizing either the uninstaller provided or Windows Add/Remove plan application. If you are utilizing SyGate 3.0 or SyGate 3.1, you do non necessitate to re-enter your enrollment codification after put ining SyGate 3.11. If you are put ining onto a computing machine that antecedently had a registered SyGate version. Your enrollment information should be retained by your computing machine even after uninstalling SyGate. However, if you reformatted your difficult thrust or reinstalled your Windows package, you may necessitate to re-enter the enrollment information. If your old versions enrollment codification and consecutive figure fail to work with SyGate 3.11, you should reach your version s distributer to obtain farther enrollment information. If you created your ain scenes for SyGate # 8217 ; s Black and White list ( BlackLst.bwl and WhiteLst.bwl ) or Apprule.cfg constellation file, you should first backup these files into another directory before uninstalling. If you do non make this, your scenes will be eliminated when you uninstall the SyGate package. If you backup your constellation files into another directory and want to reconstruct your old scenes after put ining the new version or construct, halt the SyGate service utilizing the SyGate Manager plan, so exit the SyGate Manager plan wholly. Then copy the constellation files specified above back into the SyGate directory, overwriting the bing files. Your old constellation scenes will so be restored the following clip SyGate is started. INSTALLATION AND USE It is recommended that you close any other services or applications that may be utilizing your web or modem drivers prior to put ining SyGate. For Windows 95 Users: It is recommended that you have the Windows 95 version 4.00.950 B or subsequently and Microsoft DUN 1.2 or higher package installed. If you have a version of Windows 95 old to 4.00.950 B, you should download the Windows 95 Service Pack 1 and Windows Socket Update ( Kernel 32 ) from Microsoft # 8217 ; s Web site at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.microsoft.com/windows95. You can look into the version of Windows 95 you are utilizing from the general check of the system control panel. For Windows 98 SE Users: SyGate will presently non work with Windows 98 SE if Internet Connection Sharing ( ICS ) is installed. To look into if Internet Connection sharing is installed, travel to the Windows check of the add/remove plans control panel and expression in inside informations for the networking points. If Internet connexion sharing is enabled, deselect this option and re-start the computing machine prior to put ining SyGate. For Windows NT 4.0 Users: SyGate 3.11 will presently non work with Windows NT RRAS ( routing and distant entree services update ) . The criterion RAS services installed with Windows NT works good with all versions of SyGate. To look into if RRAS is installed, travel to the routing check of TCP/IP belongingss in the web control panel to see if enable IP forwarding is grayed out. If it is, we recommend taking RRAS or reinstalling Windows NT 4.0. For SyGate Server to work decently on Windows NT 4.0, make certain that # 8220 ; IP send oning # 8221 ; is non enabled in the routing check of TCP/IP belongingss in the web control panel. In add-on, verify that # 8220 ; enable DNS for WINS declaration # 8221 ; is non enabled in the WINS Address check of TCP/IP belongingss in the web control panel. We recommend that instantly before and after put ining SyGate on a Windows NT 4.0 system, that you reapply the Windows NT service battalion you are utilizing. For DirecPC Users: If the networked client computing machines were antecedently modified utilizing a 3rd party dial-up web scenes optimizer # 8221 ; , we recommend that you use that same public-service corporation to alter the scene for MTU to 1466 on each system. We have found that incompatibilities between this MTU scene and MTU alterations on the client computing machines can do the Internet connexion to be significantly slower than the SyGate waiter computing machine. Make certain that the computing machine with the DirecPC connexion ( the SyGate waiter ) is configured for automatically linking to the Internet so that the client computing machines can originate a connexion when cipher is utilizing the SyGate waiter computing machine. Dial-up Networking Users: Make sure that the computing machine with the Internet connexion ( the SyGate waiter ) is configured for automatically linking to the Internet so that the client computing machines can originate a connexion when cipher is utilizing the SyGate waiter computing machine. Besides, insure that the dial-up networking choice used in the SyGate Managers constellation screen has precisely the same user name and watchword as the dial-up networking profile. Otherwise, your client computing machines may non be able to ever link or the connexion will be often refused by the service supplier. If installing SyGate Manager Client package: It is of import that the version and physique of the SyGate package be the same as what s running on the SyGate waiter computing machine. To see all of the computing machines on your web within the SyGate Manager application, you must hold SyGate Manager running on each computing machine. If you notice there is hub or web connexion activity after get downing the SyGate Manager package, this is SyGate Manager pass oning to convey and have position from other SyGate Manager plans on your local web. TROUBLESHOOTING If your networked computing machines are unable to shop the Internet, verify that they are able to pass on with the SyGate waiter computing machine utilizing # 8220 ; ping # 8221 ; . Travel to a bid prompt ( start/run/command ) on the system holding problem and type # 8220 ; ping x.x.x.x # 8221 ; , where x.x.x.x is the IP reference of the SyGate waiter computing machine. If you are unable to acquire a answer, there may be a job with your web drivers, web arranger, or your overseas telegrams. We recommend rectifying this issue harmonizing to any certification or public-service corporation package which may hold come with the web arranger and so seeking SyGate once more. If you do acquire a answer, the client computing machine is pass oning with the waiter computing machine utilizing TCP/IP. If the networked computing machines are able to ping the SyGate waiter computing machine, look into the TCP/IP scenes on the networked computing machines to verify that they are configured to obtain their TCP/IP scenes automatically or that they are utilizing the IP reference of the SyGate waiter computing machine in the TCP/IP scenes for both Gateway and DNS. If the TCP/IP scenes are all right and the networked computing machines can ping the SyGate waiter computing machine, look into the scenes for your Internet browser application to do certain it is non set to utilize a # 8220 ; proxy # 8221 ; . For Internet Explorer, you can look into this in the Internet options control panel. For Netscape Navigator, you can look into this in the proxy scene in the penchants screen. Besides, do certain that the Internet options control panel is configured to link to the Internet through your local web and non through a dial-up modem. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS I already have a TCP/IP web, how do I configure it to utilize SyGate? Install SyGate on the computing machine with the Internet connexion, so come in the IP reference of the SyGate waiter computing machine into the Gateway and DNS entries within the TCP/IP scenes on each computing machine. Why am I unable to pass on with my overseas telegram modem service supplier s electronic mail, intelligence, and Web waiters from my networked computing machines? Some overseas telegram modem services require domain suffix information on each computing machine to make their electronic mail, intelligence, and Web waiters. You can obtain your sphere postfix by traveling to the following Web site from your web: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sygate.com/cgi-bin/gethost.cgi. Once you know what the sphere suffix information is, travel to the DNS check of the TCP/IP scenes on each computing machine and enter this information in to the subdivision â€Å"domain postfix hunt order† . How can I configure SyGate to utilize a backup DNS waiter in instance the service supplier s primary DNS waiter fails? If the first DNS waiter listed in the TCP/IP belongingss on the SyGate waiter computing machine fails, your networked computing machines may non be able to pass on on the Internet. This can be corrected by utilizing SyGate # 8217 ; s built in DHCP waiter and stipulating primary and backup DNS waiters in the advanced scenes ( available in the SyGate director plan s constellation screen ) . This can besides be corrected by manually stipulating primary and backup DNS entries in the TCP/IP scenes on each computing machine. How do I setup my web so that all the computing machines in my web are listed in the SyGate director application? The SyGate director plan looks for and communicates with other SyGate director plans on your web. If you install SyGate client package and get down the SyGate director plan, SyGate director will show all other systems besides running the SyGate director plan in the SyGate web vicinity. How do I setup SyGate so that I can run a Web waiter or FTP server from a computing machine on my web? The computing machine you want to utilize as a Web waiter or FTP server must hold a alone IP reference and should non be configured to obtain it # 8217 ; s TCP/IP scenes automatically. Edit the apprule.cfg file ( located in the SyGate directory ) utilizing a text editor and expression for the predefined subdivisions # 8220 ; my Web waiter # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; my FTP waiter # 8221 ; . Modify the entries so that the right IP reference is specified and enable the lines ( by taking the # characters ) . After modifying the entry you want to utilize, salvage and shut the file, so utilize the SyGate director plan to halt and get down the SyGate service. Other users should so be able to make your waiter utilizing your SyGate waiters public IP reference. How do I configure Windows 2000 to work as the SyGate waiter or as a SyGate client computing machine on my web? SyGate 3.11 waiter plants fine with Windows 2000 default constellation. To configure Windows 2000 for Internet through a different computing machine configured as the SyGate waiter, set the preferable and alternate DNS entries in the TCP/IP belongingss to be the service supplier s recommended DNS scenes and put the Gateway entry to be the SyGate waiter computing machines local web IP reference. How do I configure my Macintosh for an Internet connexion through the SyGate waiter computing machine on my web? To configure your Macintosh to work on your web behind SyGate, you can configure the Macintosh TCP/IP control panel to configure # 8220 ; utilizing DHCP waiter # 8221 ; if you # 8217 ; re utilizing SyGate # 8217 ; s built in DHCP waiter. If you configure # 8220 ; manually # 8221 ; , set the router and name server address entries to be the SyGate waiter computing machine s local web IP reference and give the Macintosh its ain alone IP reference for your web. What type of practical private networking ( VPN ) works with SyGate and how do I configure it? SyGate 3.1 plants with Microsoft VPN ( PPTP ) , ShivaVPN, BayVPN, Tunnel protocol ( once AltaVista Tunnel ) . SyGate presently supports one VPN connexion from the SyGate web to a VPN host on the Internet. You can non host a VPN connexion behind the SyGate waiter, nevertheless if the SyGate waiter computing machine is running on Windows NT, you can utilize it as a Microsoft VPN ( PPTP ) host so that you can link to your SyGate web through VPN clients on the Internet. How can I command the type of Internet connexions that my networked computing machines can entree? You can configure SyGate to merely let or to deny certain connexions from your web through SyGate # 8217 ; s black and white list characteristic. You can pull off the connexions you want to let by port figure and IP reference. You can besides stipulate clip periods for each limitation you define. You can put limitations for single computing machines ( by their IP reference ) or for the full web ( by come ining 0.0.0.0 as the IP reference ) . What sort of security does SyGate offer and how does it protect me from hackers on the Internet? SyGate offers an enhanced security manner which blocks incoming TCP/IP connexions to the SyGate waiter computing machine outside of ports 1000 to 5000 ( the scope used for TCP/IP connexions traveling out ) . This allows the SyGate waiter computing machine to still work on the Internet and will barricade other ports common to hackers and Trojan Equus caballus onslaughts. SyGate besides will let connexions into your local web merely if they are first established from the local web, barricading all other connexions. Sybergen Networks besides offers extra web security with its SyShield merchandise, leting you to farther define port security and set security agendas. For more information, travel to the Sybergen Networks Web site at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sybergen.com. CHANGES FOR SYGATE 3.11 VERSION 11/30/1999 # 8211 ; Build 556 ( current release ) Includes new SyGate device drivers. Change SyGate sensing algorithm for DNS. 11/19/1999 # 8211 ; Build 555 Added AOL 5.0 Compatibility. Fixed memory leak related issues reported on specific constellations. Improved DNS handling. 10/29/1999 # 8211 ; Build 539 Fix enrollment proof job. Blizzard StarCraft multi-client support added. 09/24/1999 # 8211 ; Build 538 Fix licensing and enrollment job. Fix DHCP waiter delegating extra IP to clients. New constellation option to enable/disable socks5 support. Disallow outside IP to set up Socks5 connexion if Socks5 is enabled. New bill of fare option # 8220 ; Exit Manager # 8221 ; on SyGate director bill of fare. Replace SyGate30.pdf file with SyGate31.doc ( updated certification ) . 09/16/1999 # 8211 ; Build 535 Modified test key algorithm. 09/16/1999 # 8211 ; Build 534 Added 30 twenty-four hours test period and new enrollment codifications. Implemented Different tray icons for engine off, online, offline. Added support for Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 6. KNOWN ISSUES WITH THIS RELEASE This physique of SyGate does non supply DNS send oning for Windows 2000 or Linux networked computing machines. This is a planned characteristic for a future version of SyGate. See often asked inquiries ( above ) for recommended solution. There is presently no option to disenable the Auto hang-up characteristic for dialup/AOL scenes. If you wish for SyGate non to automatically unplug your dialup or AOL connexion, puting this option to Auto hang-up after # 8220 ; 999999 # 8243 ; seconds ( equivelent to about 11.5 yearss of uninterrupted usage ) . If primary DNS fails from the service supplier, networked clients may lose their Internet connexion. See often asked inquiries ( above ) for recommended solution. NetMeeting users can non have calls from the Internet connexions public IP reference. This is a known job for most gateway services like SyGate because NetMeeting dynamically allocates ports when set uping a call into your web. To work around this issue, we recommend utilizing a NetMeeting directory waiter from the NetMeeting client. pcAnywhere and Laplink package are limited to one host running behind the SyGate waiter computing machine. This is an issue because most versions of pcAnywhere and Laplink use a designated port for communicating. You can utilize SyGate # 8217 ; s apprule to airt that port to a networked computing machine, but merely one may be specified. With pcAnywhere9.0, you can put it up as a pcAnywhere gateway on the SyGate waiter computing machine so that multiple pcAnywhere hosts can be behind SyGate. Several one-way overseas telegram modems do non work with SyGate. This is normally the instance if the overseas telegram modem and dial-up modem are separate devices and both used at the same time for the Internet connexion. If the overseas telegram modem has a built in dial-up modem, like the Motorola Surfboard 1200, it should work all right with SyGate. Standard atmosphere is presently non supported as an arranger type in SyGate. We are looking at this and hope to offer support for ATM arrangers in a future version. HOW TO REGISTER You can register this package online at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sybergen.net. Upon registering this package, our Web site will automatically bring forth a consecutive figure and enrollment key for your continued use. After having this information, you can come in it into the enrollment screen ( available in the aid bill of fare from the SyGate director plan ) . License ascents are besides available for current users of SyGate. For enrollment of a licence ascent, merely reenter the new consecutive figure and enrollment cardinal send to you from our Web site. HOW TO CONTACT TECHNICAL SUPPORT Technical Support for this merchandise is available for this merchandise from the undermentioned sellers: If you are measuring this package or purchased this package online, you should reach Sybergen Networks for support at support @ sygate.com or travel to the Sybergen Networks support page at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sybergen.com/support/default.htm. If you purchased your original SyGate package in a retail bundle distributed by Acer Neweb package, a support petition signifier is available from the Acer Neweb support page at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.acerneweb.com. If you received your original SyGate package with a hardware merchandise from SOHOWare ( NDC ) , ActionTec, Zoom, or Asante, contact information for the support of this package is included with the certification for your merchandise.

Sygate Essay Research Paper SYGATE 311 BUILD free essay sample

Sygate Essay, Research Paper SYGATE 3.11 BUILD 556 README Thank you for seeking SyGate 3.11. This papers contains of import information that you may happen utile for put ining and utilizing SyGate 3.11. For extra instructions on installation and utilizing SyGate 3.11, please see the SyGate 3.11 online users guide # 8211 ; you can rapidly acquire to it from the aid bill of fare within the SyGate Manager application. ( Note: a cutoff to the online users guide is indicated by a inquiry grade icon from the SyGate Manager application. ) Contentss: System REQUIREMENTS UPGRADING PREVIOUS VERSIONS INSTALLATION AND USE TROUBLESHOOTING FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS CHANGES SINCE THE SYGATE 3.0 VERSION KNOWN ISSUES WITH THIS RELEASE HOW TO REGISTER CONTACT INFORMATION System REQUIREMENTS Intel 486, Pentium or tantamount Personal computer. Win95 ( Rev B or higher ) , Win98, WinNT 4.0 ( SP3 or higher ) , or Win2000. 10 MB or more free disc infinite 32 MB or more available memory. Microsoft TCP/IP protocol installed. Ethernet web interface card. Digital subscriber line, DirecPC, Cable Modem, ISDN, or Analog Modem ( for SyGate waiter ) . Angstrom working Internet history with an Internet service supplier. Cable or DSL modem service or an parallel modem service with Microsoft dial-up networking 1.2 or higher or America Online 4.0 or higher. Note: Cable and DSL modems require an extra Ethernet arranger on the SyGate waiter computing machine. UPGRADING PREVIOUS VERSIONS If you are upgrading SyGate from SyGate 2.0 or SyGate 3.0 package, you will necessitate to halt the SyGate service utilizing the SyGate Manager plan, exit the SyGate Manager plan wholly, so uninstall SyGate wholly from your system utilizing either the uninstaller provided or Windows Add/Remove plan application. If you are utilizing SyGate 3.0 or SyGate 3.1, you do non necessitate to re-enter your enrollment codification after put ining SyGate 3.11. If you are put ining onto a computing machine that antecedently had a registered SyGate version. Your enrollment information should be retained by your computing machine even after uninstalling SyGate. However, if you reformatted your difficult thrust or reinstalled your Windows package, you may necessitate to re-enter the enrollment information. If your old versions enrollment codification and consecutive figure fail to work with SyGate 3.11, you should reach your version s distributer to obtain farther enrollment information. If you created your ain scenes for SyGate # 8217 ; s Black and White list ( BlackLst.bwl and WhiteLst.bwl ) or Apprule.cfg constellation file, you should first backup these files into another directory before uninstalling. If you do non make this, your scenes will be eliminated when you uninstall the SyGate package. If you backup your constellation files into another directory and want to reconstruct your old scenes after put ining the new version or construct, halt the SyGate service utilizing the SyGate Manager plan, so exit the SyGate Manager plan wholly. Then copy the constellation files specified above back into the SyGate directory, overwriting the bing files. Your old constellation scenes will so be restored the following clip SyGate is started. INSTALLATION AND USE It is recommended that you close any other services or applications that may be utilizing your web or modem drivers prior to put ining SyGate. For Windows 95 Users: It is recommended that you have the Windows 95 version 4.00.950 B or subsequently and Microsoft DUN 1.2 or higher package installed. If you have a version of Windows 95 old to 4.00.950 B, you should download the Windows 95 Service Pack 1 and Windows Socket Update ( Kernel 32 ) from Microsoft # 8217 ; s Web site at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.microsoft.com/windows95. You can look into the version of Windows 95 you are utilizing from the general check of the system control panel. For Windows 98 SE Users: SyGate will presently non work with Windows 98 SE if Internet Connection Sharing ( ICS ) is installed. To look into if Internet Connection sharing is installed, travel to the Windows check of the add/remove plans control panel and expression in inside informations for the networking points. If Internet connexion sharing is enabled, deselect this option and re-start the computing machine prior to put ining SyGate. For Windows NT 4.0 Users: SyGate 3.11 will presently non work with Windows NT RRAS ( routing and distant entree services update ) . The criterion RAS services installed with Windows NT works good with all versions of SyGate. To look into if RRAS is installed, travel to the routing check of TCP/IP belongingss in the web control panel to see if enable IP forwarding is grayed out. If it is, we recommend taking RRAS or reinstalling Windows NT 4.0. For SyGate Server to work decently on Windows NT 4.0, make certain that # 8220 ; IP send oning # 8221 ; is non enabled in the routing check of TCP/IP belongingss in the web control panel. In add-on, verify that # 8220 ; enable DNS for WINS declaration # 8221 ; is non enabled in the WINS Address check of TCP/IP belongingss in the web control panel. We recommend that instantly before and after put ining SyGate on a Windows NT 4.0 system, that you reapply the Windows NT service battalion you are utilizing. For DirecPC Users: If the networked client computing machines were antecedently modified utilizing a 3rd party dial-up web scenes optimizer # 8221 ; , we recommend that you use that same public-service corporation to alter the scene for MTU to 1466 on each system. We have found that incompatibilities between this MTU scene and MTU alterations on the client computing machines can do the Internet connexion to be significantly slower than the SyGate waiter computing machine. Make certain that the computing machine with the DirecPC connexion ( the SyGate waiter ) is configured for automatically linking to the Internet so that the client computing machines can originate a connexion when cipher is utilizing the SyGate waiter computing machine. Dial-up Networking Users: Make sure that the computing machine with the Internet connexion ( the SyGate waiter ) is configured for automatically linking to the Internet so that the client computing machines can originate a connexion when cipher is utilizing the SyGate waiter computing machine. Besides, insure that the dial-up networking choice used in the SyGate Managers constellation screen has precisely the same user name and watchword as the dial-up networking profile. Otherwise, your client computing machines may non be able to ever link or the connexion will be often refused by the service supplier. If installing SyGate Manager Client package: It is of import that the version and physique of the SyGate package be the same as what s running on the SyGate waiter computing machine. To see all of the computing machines on your web within the SyGate Manager application, you must hold SyGate Manager running on each computing machine. If you notice there is hub or web connexion activity after get downing the SyGate Manager package, this is SyGate Manager pass oning to convey and have position from other SyGate Manager plans on your local web. TROUBLESHOOTING If your networked computing machines are unable to shop the Internet, verify that they are able to pass on with the SyGate waiter computing machine utilizing # 8220 ; ping # 8221 ; . Travel to a bid prompt ( start/run/command ) on the system holding problem and type # 8220 ; ping x.x.x.x # 8221 ; , where x.x.x.x is the IP reference of the SyGate waiter computing machine. If you are unable to acquire a answer, there may be a job with your web drivers, web arranger, or your overseas telegrams. We recommend rectifying this issue harmonizing to any certification or public-service corporation package which may hold come with the web arranger and so seeking SyGate once more. If you do acquire a answer, the client computing machine is pass oning with the waiter computing machine utilizing TCP/IP. If the networked computing machines are able to ping the SyGate waiter computing machine, look into the TCP/IP scenes on the networked computing machines to verify that they are configured to obtain their TCP/IP scenes automatically or that they are utilizing the IP reference of the SyGate waiter computing machine in the TCP/IP scenes for both Gateway and DNS. If the TCP/IP scenes are all right and the networked computing machines can ping the SyGate waiter computing machine, look into the scenes for your Internet browser application to do certain it is non set to utilize a # 8220 ; proxy # 8221 ; . For Internet Explorer, you can look into this in the Internet options control panel. For Netscape Navigator, you can look into this in the proxy scene in the penchants screen. Besides, do certain that the Internet options control panel is configured to link to the Internet through your local web and non through a dial-up modem. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS I already have a TCP/IP web, how do I configure it to utilize SyGate? Install SyGate on the computing machine with the Internet connexion, so come in the IP reference of the SyGate waiter computing machine into the Gateway and DNS entries within the TCP/IP scenes on each computing machine. Why am I unable to pass on with my overseas telegram modem service supplier s electronic mail, intelligence, and Web waiters from my networked computing machines? Some overseas telegram modem services require domain suffix information on each computing machine to make their electronic mail, intelligence, and Web waiters. You can obtain your sphere postfix by traveling to the following Web site from your web: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sygate.com/cgi-bin/gethost.cgi. Once you know what the sphere suffix information is, travel to the DNS check of the TCP/IP scenes on each computing machine and enter this information in to the subdivision â€Å"domain postfix hunt order† . How can I configure SyGate to utilize a backup DNS waiter in instance the service supplier s primary DNS waiter fails? If the first DNS waiter listed in the TCP/IP belongingss on the SyGate waiter computing machine fails, your networked computing machines may non be able to pass on on the Internet. This can be corrected by utilizing SyGate # 8217 ; s built in DHCP waiter and stipulating primary and backup DNS waiters in the advanced scenes ( available in the SyGate director plan s constellation screen ) . This can besides be corrected by manually stipulating primary and backup DNS entries in the TCP/IP scenes on each computing machine. How do I setup my web so that all the computing machines in my web are listed in the SyGate director application? The SyGate director plan looks for and communicates with other SyGate director plans on your web. If you install SyGate client package and get down the SyGate director plan, SyGate director will show all other systems besides running the SyGate director plan in the SyGate web vicinity. How do I setup SyGate so that I can run a Web waiter or FTP server from a computing machine on my web? The computing machine you want to utilize as a Web waiter or FTP server must hold a alone IP reference and should non be configured to obtain it # 8217 ; s TCP/IP scenes automatically. Edit the apprule.cfg file ( located in the SyGate directory ) utilizing a text editor and expression for the predefined subdivisions # 8220 ; my Web waiter # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; my FTP waiter # 8221 ; . Modify the entries so that the right IP reference is specified and enable the lines ( by taking the # characters ) . After modifying the entry you want to utilize, salvage and shut the file, so utilize the SyGate director plan to halt and get down the SyGate service. Other users should so be able to make your waiter utilizing your SyGate waiters public IP reference. How do I configure Windows 2000 to work as the SyGate waiter or as a SyGate client computing machine on my web? SyGate 3.11 waiter plants fine with Windows 2000 default constellation. To configure Windows 2000 for Internet through a different computing machine configured as the SyGate waiter, set the preferable and alternate DNS entries in the TCP/IP belongingss to be the service supplier s recommended DNS scenes and put the Gateway entry to be the SyGate waiter computing machines local web IP reference. How do I configure my Macintosh for an Internet connexion through the SyGate waiter computing machine on my web? To configure your Macintosh to work on your web behind SyGate, you can configure the Macintosh TCP/IP control panel to configure # 8220 ; utilizing DHCP waiter # 8221 ; if you # 8217 ; re utilizing SyGate # 8217 ; s built in DHCP waiter. If you configure # 8220 ; manually # 8221 ; , set the router and name server address entries to be the SyGate waiter computing machine s local web IP reference and give the Macintosh its ain alone IP reference for your web. What type of practical private networking ( VPN ) works with SyGate and how do I configure it? SyGate 3.1 plants with Microsoft VPN ( PPTP ) , ShivaVPN, BayVPN, Tunnel protocol ( once AltaVista Tunnel ) . SyGate presently supports one VPN connexion from the SyGate web to a VPN host on the Internet. You can non host a VPN connexion behind the SyGate waiter, nevertheless if the SyGate waiter computing machine is running on Windows NT, you can utilize it as a Microsoft VPN ( PPTP ) host so that you can link to your SyGate web through VPN clients on the Internet. How can I command the type of Internet connexions that my networked computing machines can entree? You can configure SyGate to merely let or to deny certain connexions from your web through SyGate # 8217 ; s black and white list characteristic. You can pull off the connexions you want to let by port figure and IP reference. You can besides stipulate clip periods for each limitation you define. You can put limitations for single computing machines ( by their IP reference ) or for the full web ( by come ining 0.0.0.0 as the IP reference ) . What sort of security does SyGate offer and how does it protect me from hackers on the Internet? SyGate offers an enhanced security manner which blocks incoming TCP/IP connexions to the SyGate waiter computing machine outside of ports 1000 to 5000 ( the scope used for TCP/IP connexions traveling out ) . This allows the SyGate waiter computing machine to still work on the Internet and will barricade other ports common to hackers and Trojan Equus caballus onslaughts. SyGate besides will let connexions into your local web merely if they are first established from the local web, barricading all other connexions. Sybergen Networks besides offers extra web security with its SyShield merchandise, leting you to farther define port security and set security agendas. For more information, travel to the Sybergen Networks Web site at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sybergen.com. CHANGES FOR SYGATE 3.11 VERSION 11/30/1999 # 8211 ; Build 556 ( current release ) Includes new SyGate device drivers. Change SyGate sensing algorithm for DNS. 11/19/1999 # 8211 ; Build 555 Added AOL 5.0 Compatibility. Fixed memory leak related issues reported on specific constellations. Improved DNS handling. 10/29/1999 # 8211 ; Build 539 Fix enrollment proof job. Blizzard StarCraft multi-client support added. 09/24/1999 # 8211 ; Build 538 Fix licensing and enrollment job. Fix DHCP waiter delegating extra IP to clients. New constellation option to enable/disable socks5 support. Disallow outside IP to set up Socks5 connexion if Socks5 is enabled. New bill of fare option # 8220 ; Exit Manager # 8221 ; on SyGate director bill of fare. Replace SyGate30.pdf file with SyGate31.doc ( updated certification ) . 09/16/1999 # 8211 ; Build 535 Modified test key algorithm. 09/16/1999 # 8211 ; Build 534 Added 30 twenty-four hours test period and new enrollment codifications. Implemented Different tray icons for engine off, online, offline. Added support for Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 6. KNOWN ISSUES WITH THIS RELEASE This physique of SyGate does non supply DNS send oning for Windows 2000 or Linux networked computing machines. This is a planned characteristic for a future version of SyGate. See often asked inquiries ( above ) for recommended solution. There is presently no option to disenable the Auto hang-up characteristic for dialup/AOL scenes. If you wish for SyGate non to automatically unplug your dialup or AOL connexion, puting this option to Auto hang-up after # 8220 ; 999999 # 8243 ; seconds ( equivelent to about 11.5 yearss of uninterrupted usage ) . If primary DNS fails from the service supplier, networked clients may lose their Internet connexion. See often asked inquiries ( above ) for recommended solution. NetMeeting users can non have calls from the Internet connexions public IP reference. This is a known job for most gateway services like SyGate because NetMeeting dynamically allocates ports when set uping a call into your web. To work around this issue, we recommend utilizing a NetMeeting directory waiter from the NetMeeting client. pcAnywhere and Laplink package are limited to one host running behind the SyGate waiter computing machine. This is an issue because most versions of pcAnywhere and Laplink use a designated port for communicating. You can utilize SyGate # 8217 ; s apprule to airt that port to a networked computing machine, but merely one may be specified. With pcAnywhere9.0, you can put it up as a pcAnywhere gateway on the SyGate waiter computing machine so that multiple pcAnywhere hosts can be behind SyGate. Several one-way overseas telegram modems do non work with SyGate. This is normally the instance if the overseas telegram modem and dial-up modem are separate devices and both used at the same time for the Internet connexion. If the overseas telegram modem has a built in dial-up modem, like the Motorola Surfboard 1200, it should work all right with SyGate. Standard atmosphere is presently non supported as an arranger type in SyGate. We are looking at this and hope to offer support for ATM arrangers in a future version. HOW TO REGISTER You can register this package online at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sybergen.net. Upon registering this package, our Web site will automatically bring forth a consecutive figure and enrollment key for your continued use. After having this information, you can come in it into the enrollment screen ( available in the aid bill of fare from the SyGate director plan ) . License ascents are besides available for current users of SyGate. For enrollment of a licence ascent, merely reenter the new consecutive figure and enrollment cardinal send to you from our Web site. HOW TO CONTACT TECHNICAL SUPPORT Technical Support for this merchandise is available for this merchandise from the undermentioned sellers: If you are measuring this package or purchased this package online, you should reach Sybergen Networks for support at support @ sygate.com or travel to the Sybergen Networks support page at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sybergen.com/support/default.htm. If you purchased your original SyGate package in a retail bundle distributed by Acer Neweb package, a support petition signifier is available from the Acer Neweb support page at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.acerneweb.com. If you received your original SyGate package with a hardware merchandise from SOHOWare ( NDC ) , ActionTec, Zoom, or Asante, contact information for the support of this package is included with the certification for your merchandise.

The Lost Colony At Roanoke The First Effort Made By The English To Est Essay Example For Students

The Lost Colony At Roanoke The First Effort Made By The English To Est Essay The Lost Colony at RoanokeThe first effort made by the English to establish a colony in America, occurred in the late sixteenth century, at Roanoke Island. Starting in 1584 efforts were made to explore the east coast of North America as far south as Spanish claims. It was in 1587 that a permanent colony was finally created. However great this accomplish was for the colonists and England, it proved to be one of the greatest American mysteries when the colony was discovered abandoned in 1590.In this presentation of the lost Roanoke Colony, I plan to describe how the colony was settled, those persons involved in the settlement and the discovery of its abandonment.Roanoke Island is an island just off the coast of present day North Carolina. The Albemarle Sound, Croatan Sound, Roanoke Sound, and the Pamlico Sound are four bodies of water that surround the island. The Atlantic Ocean is less than ten miles away from Roanoke on its eastern coast, but direct contact with the ocean is impeded by a strip of land called Bodie Island, which is part of the Outer Banks. The western coast of the Island is also less than ten miles from the mainland of North Carolina.The history of the settlement can be found in Englands increasing interest in laying claim to a portion of the New World during the late 1570s. This interest was even more apparent, when in the same decade, Queen Elizabeth encouraged exploration and settlement of new lands by issuing charters for this task, and it was during this time period when Roanoke Island was discovered by the English. However it was not until March 25, 1584 when the significant history of Roanoke was made with the re-issuing of the charter to Sir Walter Raleigh.It was the responsibility of Raleigh to make the necessary provisions to complete the journeys to the New World and accomplish the goals of the charter. This meant hiring ship captains and their crews, recruiting possible colonists, purchasing food and other supplies, and finding those who would invest capital in the missions. Raleigh however does not actively participate in the journeys to Roanoke Island; he was just the organizer and major financier.There are a total of four expeditions, under the Raleigh charter, which comprise the story of the lost colony.The first and second expeditions take place from 1584 to 1586. The accomplishments of these missions include producing contact and establishing friendly relations with a native tribe called the Croatoan, the fortification of the island, and searching for an appropriate place for a permanent settlement. It is during the second expedition that there was an attempt to leave a small force of men behind, while the ships returned to England for supplies. They left a few more than one hundred men, which were need to finish fortifying the island, to continue the search for a permanent settlement sight, and to keep an English hold on the island. The effort failed due to the lack of supplies, weather conditions, and t he strained relations with the Croatoans and other more violent native tribes. The situation becomes extremely desperate for the men when they resort to their dogs as a source of food. Luckily for the colonists, a ship came to their rescue and takes all but fifteen men back to England.The mystery of Roanoke begins with the third expedition of 1587. John White was named governor of the colonist, which would now include women children. The permanence of this mission was believed to be insured by the involvement of entire families. To further insure success, the colonist themselves were the investors.The third expedition of almost one hundred twenty people (men, women and children) ready for colonization, arrived on the island in the spring of 1587. Their intent was to locate the fifteen men who were left behind in the second expedition, and then find an new settlement sight. It was discovered that the fortifications built by the colonists the year before had been abandoned and there w ere no clues as to the fate of the fifteen men.The next step was to find a new sight for settlement. It had been decided in England by Raleigh and John White, that the new settlement should be located in the Chesapeake Bay area to the north on the mainland. The colonist were denied the agreement that Raleigh and White had suggested. This was due to the strained relations between White and the ship captain. Therefore the colonists were forced to settle in the area of the abandoned fortifications for the time being.While the colonists were assembling their homes, contact with the Croatoans was reestablished. In their communications the fate of the fifteen men left behind in the previous expedition was revealed. The Croatoans explain how an enemy tribe attacked the fort and killed some of the men, but how many was not known.John White, upset with the news of the dead men and the recent discovery of a dead colonist, decides to launch an attack against the enemy, the Powhatans. Instead o f attacking the enemy John Whites men attack their friends, the Croatoans.With this violation of trust, the relations between the Croatoans and the colonists had deteriorated. Thus the Croatoans refuse to supply the colonists with food, and the supplies brought with them had begun to spoil. With the shortage of supplies and winter soon approaching, it was decided by the colonists that someone must return to England with the ships in order to relieve them of their supply shortage. John White was sent for the supplies in the late summer of 1587. He leaves approximately one hundred sixteen men, women, and children on Roanoke Island.John White does not return with the requested supplies until 1590. This three year delay was caused by a war between England and Spain. When he arrives he finds the colony abandoned. There is only a small clue as to where the colonist could be. This clue was the word Croatoan, carved into a tree. This word indicated to White that the colonists moved near or with the Croatoans, but White cannot determine whether his assumption was correct. Before White could make any more progress the captain and his crew, having no interest in the colonists fate wanted to return to England. This fourth expedition then returns to England not knowing the fate of the Roanoke Colonists.In late 1590 White tries to convince investors and Sir Walter Raleigh to send yet another expedition. Due to the lack of interest in Roanoke by investors and Raleigh , White was unsuccessful in his attempt. It is not until the Jamestown settlement twenty years later, that a firm effort was made to find the true fate of the 1587 colonists of Roanoke Island.Due to the fact that an investigation was not launched until twenty years later, no one knows what became of the colonists. Therefore there are several theories that attempt to explain their disappearance.John Smith was the first to gather information about the outcomes of the Roanoke settlement. He questioned the local nat ives about Roanoke. From this line of questioning he came up with three similar stories. One story was the attack of the settlement and the massacre of all the colonists. In another story the settlement was attacked and the women and children were assimilated only. The final story was that the entire colony was peacefully assimilated into the local native tribes.No new information or theories are concluded until many years later. These theories include the possibilities of an attack by the Spanish, disease, starvation, and an attempt to return to England in a small ship and then being lost at sea. Only spurts of interest in the fate of the colonists occurred throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. There was also major destruction of the fort on Roanoke Island during the American Civil War, so most of the artifacts that could shed light upon the mystery had been destroyed.I feel that the efforts made by those involve with establishing the Roanoke Colony were a learning ex perience for both investors and those who became colonists. We can see that England was involved in many activities during the attempts to establish permanent colony in Roanoke. These activities being a war with Spain, and acquiring treasures and natural resources to enrich England. Granted this was a new and unfamiliar part of the world for the colonists, I feel proper efforts were not made to ensure a permanent colony. For example, instead of raising their own crops and using hunting skills, they relied on the food supplies that were brought with the ships and then relied on the kindness of the natives to supply their food needs.The Roanoke colonists made matters worse when John White decided to teach the enemy native tribe a lesson by attacking them in retaliation of killing one of the colonists and the men left behind in the second expedition. Instead of attacking their enemy they attacked their friends the Croatoans by accident. This was the second time an incident of this natu re had happened. It had occurred in the second expedition with Ralph Lane (Governor of the colony left by the second expedition). Also I believe that mistakes of this nature reveal the possible fate of the lost colony, by assuming that relations between the colonist and the Croatoans had deteriorated. However, I do not believe that this tribe killed the members of Roanoke, I think that they refused to supply them with food supplies. From here I believe that the colonists had ventured into the interior of present day North Carolina, in search of food and a more suitable settlement. But in their venturing I believe the men were attacked by unfamiliar tribes. The women and children would have been spared and assimilated into their culture because it was the custom of the natives of this area.It was not until 1959 that a theory was openly agreed upon by a group of historian and scholars. They theorized that the colony did go to the Croatan village and may have been assimilated into the tribe. It was possible that they later moved to one of two areas; the Chesapeake Bay area or the Chowan River area. They also agreed that there was the possibility that the group disbanded. If the colonists did not go to the Croatan village, it was surmised that they were attacked by the Powhatan and the women and children were taken captive.However, the panel did not agree on one solid theory because they lack any physical evidence. These few possibilities may be as close as anyone will get to an answer.BibliographyArticle Kupperman, Karen Ordahl. Roanoke: Lost and Found. Reviews In American History 14 (March 1986): 55-60.Books Lefler, Hugh T., and William S. Powell. Colonial North Carolina, A History. New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1973.Lefler, Hugh Talmage, and Albert Ray Newsome. The History of a Southern State, North Carolina. 3rd ed. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1973.Quinn, David B. North America From Earliest Discovery To First Settlements. New York : Harper Row, Publishers, 1975.Quinn, David B., ed. The Roanoke Voyages, 1584-1590. 2 vols. London: Cambridge University Press, 1955.Quinn, David B. Set Fair for Roanoke: Voyages and Colonies, 1584-1606. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1985.Schoenbaum, Thomas J. Islands, Capes, and Sounds; The North Carolina Coast. Winston-Salem: John F. Blair, 1982.Stick, David. The Outer Banks of North Carolina, 1584-1958. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press,1958. Stick, David. Roanoke Island, The Beginnings of English America. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1983. .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 , .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .postImageUrl , .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 , .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098:hover , .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098:visited , .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098:active { border:0!important; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098:active , .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098 .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d07fecf5ff1ef04658684339d3eb098:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jack Kerouac and the beat movement Essay We will write a custom essay on The Lost Colony At Roanoke The First Effort Made By The English To Est specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Diary of a Wimpy Kid, Popular Book Series With Cartoons

Diary of a Wimpy Kid, Popular Book Series With Cartoons The Diary of a Wimpy Kid  series is  a big hit with both boys and girls, ages 8 to 12. Billed as a novel in cartoons, Book One is the diary of protagonist Greg Heffley. (Greg is upfront in wanting readers to know, This is a JOURNAL, not a diary and ...this was MOMs idea, not mine.)  Diary of a Wimpy Kid, with its combination of words and cartoons, is particularly appealing to reluctant readers. Summary of the Story Greg is one of three children. According to Greg, his little brother, Manny, never gets in trouble, even if he really deserves it, and his older brother Rodrick is always getting the best of Greg. In his diary, Greg details his daily activities, starting with the first day of middle school and his warnings to readers about choosing where to sit in class. How does Greg feel about middle school? He thinks its dumb because  You got kids like me who havent hit their growth spurt yet mixed in with these gorillas who need to shave twice a day. Whether its dealing with bullying, his friend Rowley, homework, or family life, Greg is always busy trying to figure out the angle that will make things work out best for him. Author Jeff Kinney does a great job, in words and pictures, of illustrating the general goofiness that comes with being a self-centered adolescent, and the hilarious things that happen as a result. Author and Illustrator Overview Diary of a Wimpy Kid is Jeff Kinneys first book. While a student at the University of Maryland, Kinney had his own comic strip, Igdoof, in the school newspaper. After college, he began writing Diary of a Wimpy Kid and putting it online in daily installments on FunBrain.com. Then, publisher Harry N. Abrams signed Kinney to a multi-book deal to create a Diary of a Wimpy Kid series for the Amulet Books imprint. Despite the success of his books, Kinney has kept his day job working for an Internet publishing company. As far as how much the series is based on his life, Kinney said in an interview. that the books are a mix of his own family stories growing up, but with his own comedic spin on them. Diary of a Wimpy Kid Recommendation The books lined pages, plus Gregs writing and his pen and ink sketches and cartoons, make it seem like an authentic diary which adds greatly to the readers enjoyment and relatability. If you are looking for a book with a main character who is a perfect role model for your child, this isnt it. But if you are looking for a funny book your kids will enjoy and identify with, grab a copy. Diary of a Wimpy Kid  is best suited for tweens and younger teens. (Amulet Books, An Imprint of Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 2007. ISBN: 9780810993136) More Diary of a Wimpy Kid Books As of February 2017, there were eleven books in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series, including titles like  Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules and Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Last Straw. In addition, if Gregs diary has inspired your kids to try writing and drawing, they will enjoy Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Do-It-Yourself Book, which includes writing and drawing prompts, with lots of space for kids to fill. Sources ComicMix, Interview: Jeff KinneyWimpyKid.com, About the Author

Chuck Close And Photorealism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Chuck Close And Photorealism - Research Paper Example A graduate of the Yale University School of Art and once a teacher of arts in University of Massachusetts, Chuck Close became a significant figure in artistic society of the latter half of the twentieth century known for his remarkable style of painting large-scale portraits. â€Å"Close learned to paint like an Abstract Expressionist when he was a student at Yale† . Yet, while the painter’s preferences in his tuition years centered mainly on abstract impressionism, training in Europe and the MFA program have added a pinch of more modern trends including minimalism and pop art. However, the artists managed to choose the domain for his work rather early: human faces and their versatile portrayals in photography and paint became the major course for the artist’s development, while the painterly style and instruments changed for several times. During his teaching career in Amherst, the painter experimented with pop-inspired elements in portraiture, engaging photogra phic images for the first time in his work: those were the daring and large realistic pictures of nude models including Bid Nude of 1967. However, it was his Big Self-Portrait that served as an important milestone in development of his style, for this painting literally opened the series of the famous photorealistic ‘heads’ on a larger-than-life scale and with exaggerated and unflattering manner of depiction, his friends and family as models, first in grayscale and then in color. Later period of Close’ work was marked by domination of pointillism.

AN INDIVIDUAL PROJECT PROPOSAL Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

AN INDIVIDUAL PROJECT PROPOSAL - Dissertation Example The Standards for acquiring accessibility through technical specifications and interface design have been laid down for the conventional Web, but, how far e-learning systems are conforming to these standards is still unclear. More so, there remains conflicts between educational features and usability. There is a need for Institutions to meet recent accessibility andb fulfil government targets to deliver growing access to Higher Education. It can only be achieved by evaluating e-learning system usability and identifying the arising accessibility needs. Aims of the research The project intends to fulfil certain objectives. The research project will look at the current levels of accessibility in e-learning systems, that is the Virtual Learning Environments. It will go ahead to assess theproblems faced by disabled users in accessing system features these will include textual resources, interactive content, navigation features and tools for communication. The other things that will be car ried out may include semi-structured interviews with educational support staff, among them lecturers and Information Services staff that support the disabled users example, disability support staff,e-learning support. When it comes to the empirical research with learners, six to seven university sites will be taken to assess practices and policies in accessibility support that is within different e-learning systems. This practical investigation and research activities will help gain user views and perspectives on system usability example through questionnaires or interviews. There is a need for Institutions to know which features should be avoided or used with care so that to enable disabled students to access e-learning systems. They should also be able to know the features that are educationally valuable and if they can be supported with more training for disabled learners. General context descr?pt?on This project is personal research in the field of Information Science,especially within the area of end-user systems accessibility. It a coomon issue that in Higher Education there is constant innovation and changing methods to provision of online services, but , there remains grey areas when it comes to issue of user accessibility. This issue has turned into a neede requires secondary consideration. This research looks towards underpinning improved provision of accessible systems for disabled adult learners. It has been discovered that one of the major barriers for people with intellectual disabilities in accessing electronic programmes is due to the lack of accessible adult training material and information in simple language. Through focusing directly on people with disabilities, and also on the staff of adult education or e-learning providers, this Project tackles this problem and focuses on improving the accessibility of lifelong learning programmes. Research questions The research is aimed at answering the following questions: 1. What are the major obstac le faced by students when undertaking learning in an online setting? 2. What are the usability and accessibility issues in e-learning systems? 3. What are the training needs of disabled users in facilitating online learning? 4. How can usability and access issues be practically addressed? Research methodology The research will go for a practical research element to investigate questions outlined in the study mainly targeted at

Wk 2 disc (22&31) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wk 2 disc (22) - Essay Example I agree with the Hansen et. al (2006) study because I think that the factors they found: showing respect for the clients world view, evaluating when the counselors own views, assumptions and biases are impeding the counseling process, and establishing rapport are very important in working with any group, but especially with multicultural groups (p. 70). In the study by Constantine et. al (2004), a good point was made that many institutions are not open to multiculturalism and this can cause problems. However, a counselor who is willing to be flexible and who is willing to get to know different cultures will succeed better than someone who is not. Constantine et. al also said that a multi-cultural counselor must understand cultural issues. I believe this is true because this is a way that one can relate better to a client and it develops trust. Hansen, N.D., Randazzo, K. V., Schwartz, A., Marshall, M., Kalis, D., Frazier, R., Burke, C., Kershner-Rice, K., and Norvig, G. (Nancy Downing Hansen, Katherine V. Randazzo (2006). Do we practice what we preach? An exploratory survey of multicultural psychotherapy competencies. Professional Psychology Research and Practice, 37 (1), p.

Business Ethics Are An Integral Part Of International Business Strategies

Business Ethics Are An Integral Part Of International Business Strategies This topic review investigates the business ethics and their uneven implementation in international business. Business ethics are an important part of any business strategy of a company. Ethics have been discussed from centuries. Companies represent the people, where they spent most of the time. Some of their actions make many multinational organizations more influential in the world trade. Hence some of decisions taken by organizations, whether they are good or bad affect the companys image in political, social, legal societies. This review has discussion on the behavior of companies. Discussion has examples from different societies and countries. INTRODUCTION: The topic for this research essay is business ethics are an integral part of international business strategies but implementation is often uneven. Discuss using examples from one sector. This topic is broader in its true meanings so for the purpose of discussion, boundaries have to be drawn for better understanding of the topic. International business basically originated from international trade. Trade among nations has prehistoric evidences. Ancient African tribes took dates and clothing for spices and olive oil. In those times trade was among neighboring countries, with the passage of time trade expanded to far away nations. During past centuries Roam, Italy and china were the major trading centers. International business succeeded to the present time when concept of global business appeared. Different societies and countries have different ethics and values. These differences in ethics could be due to religion and traditions. These ethics also have their influence over the conduc t of business. These differences in ethics and values raise problems in the conduct of business internationally. To get rid of these problem companies and industries need universal code of business ethics. The importance of universal code of business ethics became more evident in 20th century due to increase in international investments, franchising, licensing and emergence of multinational corporations. Companies and industries make agreement on transnational standards or universal ethical standards for business purpose, but this does not mean that those standards are implemented as desired. There is a gap between desirable and desired implementation of ethical norms. Desirable means that what is right and good, where as desired means what people actually want to get. Due to this gap, the implementation of business ethics is often considered to be uneven. This uneven implementation is discussed in this research essay, using examples from private sector. How and why organizations ha ve uneven implementation of business ethics. What are the results of this uneven implementation? HYPOTHESES: Following questions were created to specify the research area of the essay: What is business ethics? What is the need of business ethics? How organizations make uneven implementation of ethics in international business? Why the implementation of business ethics is uneven in international business, discussed in examples? What are the results of uneven implementation of ethics in international business, discussed with examples? THEORETICAL BACKGROUND: ETHICS: Ethics are defined as the moral standards of a person or in a collective perspective it examines the moral standards of a society. The study of ethics also asks the questions that how these standards apply to lives, are these standards are reasonable or unreasonable, if they are reasonable then whether they support of good reasons or poor reasons (Velasquez, M.G ,2006,p.10). BUSINESS ETHICS: Business ethics consists of the principles and standards which guide lines in the world of business. Stakeholders of the business like investors, customers, employees, the legal system , interest groups and community decides that whether a specific behavior is right or wrong, ethical or unethical in a business environment. Although these groups may or may not be right in their decision but it true that their decision influence the societys behavior of acceptance or rejection of a business and its activities(Ferrell, O.C et al ,2000,p.6). INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS: Any business which is involved in trade or investment across the national borders is known as international business. In todays world it is not necessarily to be involved in trade of physical products, companies also trade intellectual assets like technology, know how, capital and services across the national border (Cavusgil, S.T et al, 2008, p.4). MISPERCEPTIONS ABOUT BUSINESS ETHICS: Following are major misperceptions regarding Business ethic, Business ethics are related to religion and not the responsibility of management. But its not true because business ethics does not try to change the basic values or souls of people. It only concern with the behavior of people at business place. Most of business managements think that their employees are ethical in their daily life so their actions in business environment will also be ethical. Hence organization has no need to pay attention to business ethics. But the situation becomes much more difficult when business faces complex ethical issues like when a business decision have a significant effect over the stakeholders of the business. Business ethics have major concern with philosophers, academics and theologians. Business organizations have no direct concern with it in day to day activities. Reason behind this misperception is little involvement of business leaders or managers in ethical discussions or literature. So many believe that ethics are only for the discussion of philosophers and academics. Business ethics is the lecture given to bad people by good people. But its the reality that good people can also take bad actions, especially when they are working under stress or confused. So managing business ethics is not a preaching but helping others to take ethical actions even under stress or confusing situation. Ethics cannot be managed in a business. Ethics are managed in a business but often indirectly. The organizational behavior or the behavior of the founder / leader has great moral influence on the behavior of employee. Laws regulations and strategic priorities like market share, cutting cost, and profit maximization have great influence over the business ethics. Business ethics and social responsibility is the same thing. But in general social responsibility is one aspect of business ethics. Business ethics involves an application of ethics to the corporate community, a way to determine responsibility in business dealings, the identification of important business and social issues, and an assessment of ethics in business. Where the social responsibility deals firstly with the identification of important business and social issues, secondly with critique of business. Organization is not in trouble with the law, so its actions are ethical. One can be unethical even he operates within the law. For example hiding the information from higher management, making constant complaint about others. Mostly the unnoticed unethical behavior leads to law breaking. (Mcnamara,2010) NEED OF BUSINESS ETHICS: Business ethics gives the directions for making a choice among alternatives decisions and business actions. Mostly it is considered that business ethics have to be ideal. But it is reality that ideals have little relationship with daily life decisions. Ethics offer the way to select among different judgments and actions focusing over the values those actions or judgment will impose latter on in the specific environment of host country. (Kline, J.M, 2010) UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR BY ORGANIZAIONS: A businessmans ultimate objective is to make profit. As Friedman, M (1973) states in an article the social responsibility of business is to increase its profits (p.2). Anything that a businessman can do in the best interest of society is to be a good businessman. It means that they should try to maximize the profit which is the ultimate target of any business. Here is the point when businessmen think that instead of wasting time and resources with ethics they should focus on finance, marketing and business operations. As long as a business is operating within the rules, the only social responsibility of business is to increase its profit with the use of business resources. Concisely it can be said that remain in open and free competition without being involved in fraud or deception (Friedman, M, 1973, p.2). Multinational corporations operate in countries where bribery, sexual harassment, racial discrimination, and lack of concern for the environment are neither illegal nor unethical or unusual. The company must decide whether to adhere to constant ethical principles or to adjust to the local rules to maximize profits. As the costs of corporate and white-collar crime can be high, both for society and individual businesses, many business and trade associations have established ethical codes for companies, managers, and employees. REASONS BEHIND THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNETHICAL BUSINESS STRATEGY: While developing the strategy for international business, organizations fail to focus over the following point. These the basic reasons for the development of unethical business strategy, Organizations fail make consensus on the objectives for doing business on global scale. Organizations do not involve the person into the strategy development process, who has knowledge of ethics in host country. Unable to realize the importance of ethics during strategy development as a competitive advantage. Organizations lay the base of their policies only on legal requirement and do not consider the ethical values. Organizations do not recruit a person whose sole responsibility is to focus on ethics at international locations. Organizations appoint their employees or experts to fill ethics positions from organizations headquarter who have no experience of host country ethics. Focusing on the few cultural differences rather than acknowledging the many cultural similarities. (The international business ethics institute,2005) EXAMPLE: NESTLE CORPORATION: During the promotion of infant formula in third world countries especially in Africa, the Nestle corporation hired the women and without giving them necessary training, they dressed them up as nurses. Those nurses recommend the formula over breast feeding to the mothers. They convinced that using the formula is sophisticated and looks like western, while breast feeding is old fashioned and third world practice. When mothers get convinced to use infant formula, free samples of Nestle infant formula were given to them. Those free samples lasted long enough to dry up the mothers breast milk due to the lack of use. Now at that stage mothers were forced to purchase the infant formula. The company continued this strategy regardless of worldwide protest. Protesters claimed that chance of getting sick is higher in children who were using infant formula as compared to breastfeeding in third world countries. The company changed its strategy only after years of massive boycotts of Nestle produc ts by consumer. (Hooker, John, 2003, p.4). DISCUSSION: From the business point of view the companys inflexibility was perfectly justified. Because the major social responsibility of any business is to generate profit by using company resources and operating within legal boundaries. (Friedman, M, 1973, p.2) The company directors had no right to withdraw a profitable and legal product, although innocent babies were suffering due to it, until boycotts changed the public opinion and company started to suffer financially. Although the infant formula itself was not the cause of deaths but the unethical strategy used to promote marketing in third world countries was major cause of those sufferings. Following are four problems that can arise when poor mothers in developing countries switch to infant formula, Infant formula needs to be mixed with water, which is mostly contaminated in poor countries. By using this contaminated water leads to diseases in infants. Due to higher illiteracy rate in those countries, majority of mother did not know how to wash the bottle and prepare it for feeding. Nestle write direction for use only in English. So the mothers how know to read in their native language, cannot understand the directions. Even the mothers, who understand the directions, do not have the means to perform it. Due to the lack of fuel. Most of the poor mothers cannot afford the infant formula. So they use infant formula in less quantity as compared said quantity in order to make it last longer. But baby will suffer by this practice because he not getting the required amount of nutrition. Infant formula cannot be the true substitute of breastfeeding. Breast feeding has many natural benefits like, transfer of antibodies from mother to baby, essential amount of nutrition required for brain and nerve development and frequent breastfeeding can also delay the return of fertility in mothers. This can help the mothers of poor countries to space their births. Although Nestle knows that these problems were arising by use of its unethical marketing strategy, but it continued the promotion, until public boycotted its products. (Wikimedia Foundation Inc, 2011) CONCLUSION: Business actions of Nestle in this particular case fall in that category which includes actions that may be legal but can also be said bad. Most of the business issues related to ethics fall in this category. Companies claim that if they do business legally then their actions are ethical. They do not accept the reality that ethics are something more then to obey law. Nestle is among the leading providers of products and services that make life easier for millions of people worldwide. This can only be accomplished through the managers who do the good work. But as said earlier mangers must pay attention to whether they are really doing good business. EXAMPLE: BHOPAL DISASTER: On the night of 2nd December 1984, a pesticide company near the Bhopal (India) released the 40 tones of poisonous gas in to air. 50.9 percent shares of plant were owned by Union carbide, an American owned company. As the white clouds of poisonous gas settled over the sleeping citizen, it burned their eyes and lungs. Many died a little after inhaling the gas, local authorities says that 3000 people died on that night. But these are gross underestimates. According to Aminesty international total deaths were at least 7000. But campaigners say that total deaths in last 20 years are 20000 due to Bhopal disaster and half a million are still suffer with chronic illness. After the disaster Union carbide made an out of court settlement with Indian government and paid $470m in 1989. The families of victims received $550 per fatality as compensation. (Ramesh, 2004) DISCUSSION: A number of factors led to the leakage of gas. The commonality among all of them is that they were all related to cost cutting. Plant was under loss and was running only at one third of its capacity. Before the disaster night, safety auditors pointed out safety concerns. But no action was taken by management. Ultimately on the disaster night, all six safety measures responsible to prevent leakage were either stopped, malfunctioning or were not sufficient, all this was due to the cost cutting behavior of company. This was one perspective of incident. After the accident a major issue was whether the case should be settled in American court as wished by Indian government or in an Indian court as wished by company. The reason behind that was that if case had been in American court, then compensation made to victim families might be many more times than actually it was made at that time. After five years fight Union carbide made an out of court settlement with government of India for $470m. A case is still present against the chief executive of Union carbide. He was released on bail in 1984 and never came back to India. Union carbide left the city in 1999, but tons of chemicals were left behind. These chemicals contaminated the underground water in surrounding areas and are a major cause of diseases in the poor of Bhopal. (Fisher, C and Lovell, A, 2009, p.479-481) CONCLUSION: This case shows that some time multinational companies take advantage from the legal systems of different countries. Because they have the choice over which jurisdiction they want to submit the case. Union carbide took the advantage of Indian jurisdiction and closed the case from its sheets by making a low price deal. If company had to face the similar case in its home country, the payment may be many times higher than they did. However examples of such cases are mostly from developing countries. Those developing countries are more interested in foreign direct investment. So the exploitation or taking advantage of developing countries weak institutional jurisdiction can ethically objectionable. EXAMPLE: THE CHINESE TAINTED MILK SCANDAL: China dairy industry is a major exporter of dairy products. But with the disclosure of tainted milk case in 2007, many countries like Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, South Korea, Indonesia and Australia banned the Chinas dairy products. Many other companies who were using Chinas dairy ingredients in their product also recalled products. Sanlu Group is a Chinese dairy product company; in August 2008 it was found that they are using melamine in their dairy products to increase the protein like look. Melamine was added in such a large amount that it caused kidney failure in children. Later it was found in government investigation that 21 other dairy companies were also using melamine in their products. All the contaminated products were recalled and said to be disposed off. Sanlu Group stopped production after the confirmation of contamination. Chinas ministry of health informed the other countries about the presence of melamine in dairy products. Chinas dairy industry suffered badly after this incident.(IBS center for management research, 2011). DISCUSSION: Sanlu Group customer service department received complaints from consumer in December 2007 about babies getting sick after the use of baby formula. But customer service department of company did not report these complaints to executives until May 2008. Later in Jun 2008 Company received complaints regarding kidney stones development in babies being fed the Sanlu baby formula. Again the customer service department did not took notice until the scandal became public in August 2008. After investigation 21 other dairy companies and many government officials found guilty. Companies did all this to meet the high demand of dairy products. In China the demand per capita of dairy product risen from 2kg in 1980 to 22kg in 2004. Companies tried to exploit this high demand of dairy products and to get financial benefits. CONCLUSION: From above case it is clear that business ethics are how unevenly applied in real life. Chinas Tainted milk case has put more emphasizes on the implication of business ethics and norms. This case severely affected the repute of chinas companies. Companies also faced criticism over their late response, as they were aware of contamination but still waited for the investigation report before apologizing. It is also clear from this case that being ethical in daily does not confirms does not a guaranty that one will also be ethical in business environment. Employees of Sanlu groups customer service department were maybe having good ethics in daily life but they didnt perform ethically in business by hiding the information for top executives.

The University Office of Information Technology :: Education Data Information Essays

The University Office of Information Technology Introduction In this paper I report on the history, mission, organization, finances, evaluation strategies, and current issues of a university’s office of information technology. I will use the term â€Å"office of information technology† throughout the paper. This term needs to be defined here because it is very general and each university seems to have a unique definition for it. Within this paper, office of information technology will refer to those areas of the university whose primary mission is to serve the information technology needs of the institution. Information technology needs include â€Å"that collection of technologies that enables data and knowledge to be stored and exchanged, assessed, displayed and communicated, and in some cases, synthesized and created.† (Iowa State University, 2000, p. 2). In other words, the computer hardware and software, communications hardware (phone and network) and software, media-related instructional technologies, and the organization needed to support this information technology infrastructure. These services touch the entire university and all its faculty, staff, and students. As with any administrative unit on campus, the organization of that unit will depend on the context in which it is set. Another term that I will use loosely in regard to the office of information technology is the university. While all institutions of higher education rely on information technology as a basic service to provide products to their clientele, I will try to keep my discussion and analysis confined to the concept of Kerr’s â€Å"multiversity†, or research university satisfying multiple goals. This is not to diminish the role of the office of information technology at smaller universities and colleges but only to focus this discussion. One area within a university that is often lumped into the â€Å"information† infrastructure is the library. While my definition does not include the library within the office of information technology, the technology used for many of its services is included. Lastly, I would like to preface the ideas presented within this paper through the perspective of Weick’s (1976) theory of loosely coupled systems. As discussed throughout, the office of information technology is a unit on campus that is intertwined with all other areas in some manner. Thus it must go beyond the â€Å"niche† perspective of individual units and departments and engage itself directly in the politics of the university as a loosely coupled system. As the reader will see, this has affected the history, mission, and organization of the office of information technology and is embedded in many of its